冷博客按：
cisco document还是很强大的，本文对
Comprehensive Guide to Configuring and Troubleshooting Frame Relay [Frame Relay]
这篇文章做了部分翻译和精简，由于篇幅较长，分为上下两部。
这部全面指南是从简单到复杂，全面的介绍了cisco对于Frame-relay的各种实现方法，非常推荐阅读。
一、配置基本的帧中继
一旦你两端都需要通过永久虚电路（PVC）来可靠地连接到本地帧中继交换机，是时候去考虑如何配置帧中继了。在这个例子中，Spicey 的本地管理接口（LIM）类型默认选择"cisco"LMI。接口默认为"multipoint"接口，"frame-relay inverse-arp"是打开的（对于点到点链路，没有反向ARP）。IP水平分割对于帧中继封装默认是禁用的，所以路由更新会在同一个端口接收和宣告。路由器通过帧中继交换机的LMI更新，学习到本地数据链路连接标识符（DLCIs）。然后，路由器发送反向ARP到远端IP地址，并且创建一个本地DLCI和对端IP地址的映射。
配置命令
Spicey#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 124.124.124.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0
ip address 3.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay interface-dlci 140
!
!
router rip
network 3.0.0.0
network 124.0.0.0
Prasit#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 123.123.123.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface Serial1
ip address 3.1.3.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay interface-dlci 150
!
!
router rip
network 3.0.0.0
network 123.0.0.0
debug和show命令
Spicey
Spicey#show frame-relay map
Serial0 (up): ip 3.1.3.2 dlci 140(0x8C,0x20C0), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Spicey#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 140, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0
input pkts 83 output pkts 87 in bytes 8144
out bytes 8408 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 41 out bcast bytes 3652
pvc create time 01:31:50, last time pvc status changed 01:28:28
Spicey#show frame-relay lmi
LMI Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = CISCO
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 550 Num Status msgs Rcvd 552
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0
Spicey#ping 123.123.123.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 123.123.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/40 ms
Spicey#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.1.3.0 is directly connected, Serial0
124.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 124.124.124.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0
R 123.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 3.1.3.2, 00:00:08, Serial0
Prasit
Prasit#show frame-relay map
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.1 dlci 150(0×96,0×2460), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Prasit#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 150, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1
input pkts 87 output pkts 83 in bytes 8408
out bytes 8144 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 38 out bcast bytes 3464
pvc create time 01:34:29, last time pvc status changed 01:28:05
Prasit#show frame-relay lmi
LMI Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE) LMI TYPE = CISCO
Invalid Unnumbered info 0 Invalid Prot Disc 0
Invalid dummy Call Ref 0 Invalid Msg Type 0
Invalid Status Message 0 Invalid Lock Shift 0
Invalid Information ID 0 Invalid Report IE Len 0
Invalid Report Request 0 Invalid Keep IE Len 0
Num Status Enq. Sent 569 Num Status msgs Rcvd 570
Num Update Status Rcvd 0 Num Status Timeouts 0
Prasit#ping 124.124.124.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 124.124.124.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms
Prasit#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.1.3.0 is directly connected, Serial1
R 124.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 3.1.3.1, 00:00:19, Serial1
123.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 123.123.123.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0
二、配置Hub and Spoke帧中继（星型拓扑）
在这个例子中，路由器从帧中继交换机学习到数据链路连接标识符（DLCIs），并将它们分配到主端口。然后，路由器会发送反向ARP到对端IP地址。
注意：你不能从Aton ping通Prasit的串口IP地址，除非你明确的把路由映射分别添加到两台路由器上。如果路由配置正确，原来LAN网上的数据通信应该没问题。You will be able to ping if you use the Ethernet IP address as the source address in an extended ping.（不知道什么意思）
当"frame-relay inverse-arp"开启，广播IP流量将默认的通过连接端口出去。
配置命令
spicey#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 124.124.124.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0
ip address 3.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay interface-dlci 130
frame-relay interface-dlci 140
!
!
router rip
network 3.0.0.0
network 124.0.0.0
prasit#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 123.123.123.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1
ip address 3.1.3.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay interface-dlci 150
!
!
router rip
network 3.0.0.0
network 123.0.0.0
aton#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 122.122.122.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1
ip address 3.1.3.3 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay interface-dlci 160
!
router rip
network 3.0.0.0
network 122.0.0.0
show命令
Spicey
spicey#show frame-relay map
Serial0 (up): ip 3.1.3.2 dlci 140(0x8C,0x20C0), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial0 (up): ip 3.1.3.3 dlci 130(0×82,0×2020), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
spicey#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 2 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 130, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0
input pkts 32 output pkts 40 in bytes 3370
out bytes 3928 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 30 out bcast bytes 2888
pvc create time 00:15:46, last time pvc status changed 00:10:42
DLCI = 140, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0
input pkts 282 output pkts 291 in bytes 25070
out bytes 27876 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 223 out bcast bytes 20884
pvc create time 02:28:36, last time pvc status changed 02:25:14
spicey#ping 3.1.3.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/35/36 ms
spicey#ping 3.1.3.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/35/36 ms
Prasit
prasit#show frame-relay map
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.1 dlci 150(0×96,0×2460), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
prasit#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 150, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1
input pkts 311 output pkts 233 in bytes 28562
out bytes 22648 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 162 out bcast bytes 15748
pvc create time 02:31:39, last time pvc status changed 02:25:14
prasit#ping 3.1.3.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms
prasit#ping 3.1.3.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
…..
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
Aton
aton#show frame-relay map
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.1 dlci 160(0xA0,0×2800), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
aton#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 160, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1
input pkts 35 output pkts 32 in bytes 3758
out bytes 3366 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 27 out bcast bytes 2846
pvc create time 00:10:53, last time pvc status changed 00:10:53
aton#ping 3.1.3.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/35/36 ms
aton#ping 3.1.3.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
…..
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
二(2)、连接spoke和spoke
在一个hub and spoke配置环境中，即使通过多路端口，你也不能从一个spoke ping通另一个。因为没有对端spoke的IP地址映射。只有hub的地址能过通过反向地址解析协议（IARP）学到。如果你想配一个静态的映射，需要用"frame-relay map"命令把对端的IP地址和本地数据链路连接标识符（DLCI）做映射。这样才能ping通对端spoke。
配置命令
Prasit
prasit#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 123.123.123.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial
ip address 3.1.3.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 3.1.3.3 150
frame-relay interface-dlci 150
show命令
rasit
prasit#show frame-relay map
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.1 dlci 150(0×96,0×2460), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.3 dlci 150(0×96,0×2460), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
prasit#ping 3.1.3.3
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 68/70/80 ms
prasit#ping 122.122.122.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 122.122.122.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 64/67/76 ms
Aton
aton#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 122.122.122.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1
ip address 3.1.3.3 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay map ip 3.1.3.2 160
frame-relay interface-dlci 160
aton#show frame-relay map
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.1 dlci 160(0xA0,0×2800), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.2 dlci 160(0xA0,0×2800), static,
CISCO, status defined, active
aton#ping 3.1.3.2
Type escape sequence to abort
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.1.3.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 68/68/68 ms
aton#ping 123.123.123.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 123.123.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 64/67/80 ms
三、配置帧中继子接口
帧中继子接口提供了一个部分网状拓扑的机制。大多数路由协议假定运行在一个逻辑网络中，这样的一个逻辑：如果设备A能和设备B说话，且B能和C说话，那么A就肯定能和C说话。这种说法只在LAN网上可以，在帧中继网络上，除非A和C直连，否则不行。
另外，部分路由协议，如AppleTalk和透明网桥，不支持部分网状拓扑网络，因为它们需要“水平分割”。具体来说，数据包从一个端口收到，就不能从同一个端口出去，即使这个数据包接收和发送在不同的虚链路上。
配置帧中继子网接口时，每个单独的物理接口被当做多个虚拟接口。这样可以让我们无视水平分割原则。数据包可以从一个虚拟接口上来，从另一个虚拟接口转发出去，即使他们是同一个物理接口。
子接口地址限制了帧中继网络划分成更小的网络，全互联网络（或者点到点）每个子网络分配到自己的网络号和协议，就好像他是一个单独的几口（注意：点到点子接口可以配置成无IP，减少地址分配或者其他原因）
1.点到点子接口
配置命令
Spicey
Spicey#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 124.124.124.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
!
interface Serial0.1 point-to-point
ip address 3.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 140
!
!
router igrp 2
network 3.0.0.0
network 124.0.0.0
Prasit
Prasit#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 123.123.123.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
!
interface Serial1.1 point-to-point
ip address 3.1.3.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 150
!
router igrp 2
network 3.0.0.0
network 123.0.0.0
show命令
Spicey
Spicey#show frame-relay map
Serial0.1 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 140(0x8C,0x20C0), broadcast
status defined, active
Spicey#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 140, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0.1
input pkts 193 output pkts 175 in bytes 20450
out bytes 16340 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 50 out bcast bytes 3786
pvc create time 01:11:27, last time pvc status changed 00:42:32
Spicey#ping 123.123.123.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 123.123.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms
Prasit
Prasit#show frame-relay map
Serial1.1 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 150(0×96,0×2460), broadcast
status defined, active
Prasit#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 150, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE =
Serial1.1
input pkts 74 output pkts 89 in bytes 7210
out bytes 10963 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 24 out bcast bytes 4203
pvc create time 00:12:25, last time pvc status changed 00:12:25
Prasit#ping 124.124.124.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 124.124.124.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms
2.Hub and spoke子接口
下面hub and spoke的简单配置告诉我们如何配置两个点到点的子接口，并且用动态地址解析对端设备。每个子接口配置不同的协议、地址和掩码，"interface-dlci"命令把子接口DLCI联系起来。每个点对点子接口的对端地址不会被解析，他们是点到点，通信必须发往对端。远端（Aton）使用反向ARP映射，主hub回应这些子接口的IP地址。产生这样的原因是帧中继反向ARP默认是在多点接入接口上实施的。
配置命令
Spicey#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 124.124.124.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
!
interface Serial0.1 point-to-point
ip address 4.0.1.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 140
!
interface Serial0.2 point-to-point
ip address 3.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 130
!
router igrp 2
network 3.0.0.0
network 4.0.0.0
network 124.0.0.0
Prasit#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 123.123.123.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
!
interface Serial1.1 point-to-point
ip address 4.0.1.2 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 150
!
router igrp 2
network 4.0.0.0
network 123.0.0.0
Aton#show running-config
interface Ethernet0
ip address 122.122.122.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1
ip address 3.1.3.3 255.255.255.0
encapsulation frame-relay
frame-relay interface-dlci 160
!
router igrp 2
network 3.0.0.0
network 122.0.0.0
show命令
Spicey#show frame-relay map
Serial0.2 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 130(0×82,0×2020), broadcast
status defined, active
Serial0.1 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 140(0x8C,0x20C0), broadcast
status defined, active
Spicey#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial0 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 2 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 130, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0.2
input pkts 11 output pkts 22 in bytes 1080
out bytes 5128 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 17 out bcast bytes 4608
pvc create time 00:06:36, last time pvc status changed 00:06:36
DLCI = 140, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial0.1
input pkts 33 output pkts 28 in bytes 3967
out bytes 5445 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 17 out bcast bytes 4608
pvc create time 00:06:38, last time pvc status changed 00:06:38
Spicey#ping 122.122.122.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 122.122.122.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/35/36 ms
Spicey#ping 123.123.123.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 123.123.123.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms
Prasit
Prasit#show frame-relay map
Serial1.1 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 150(0×96,0×2460), broadcast
status defined, active
Prasit#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 150, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE =
Serial1.1
input pkts 45 output pkts 48 in bytes 8632
out bytes 6661 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 31 out bcast bytes 5573
pvc create time 00:12:16, last time pvc status changed 00:06:23
Prasit#ping 124.124.124.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 124.124.124.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms
Aton
Aton#show frame-relay map
Serial1 (up): ip 3.1.3.1 dlci 160(0xA0,0×2800), dynamic,
broadcast,, status defined, active
Aton#show frame-relay pvc
PVC Statistics for interface Serial1 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 160, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1
input pkts 699 output pkts 634 in bytes 81290
out bytes 67008 dropped pkts 0 in FECN pkts 0
in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0 out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 528 out bcast bytes 56074
pvc create time 05:46:14, last time pvc status changed 00:05:57
Aton#ping 124.124.124.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 124.124.124.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 36/36/36 ms
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